The What and the Authenticity of Reason in Mirza Mahdi Esfahani`s View
Mohammad
Ja`fari
Assistant prof. at Imam Khomeini Educational Research Institute
author
text
article
2018
per
The Ma`arif School of Khorasan, passing its first century of life and attracting some followers and supporters, has undoubtedly considerable effects on our contemporary fields of science and thought. The founder of the school is Ayatollah Mirza Mahdi Esfahani. Regarding notability of the issue of relation between reason and religion, it has been intended in the paper to explain the founder`s view on the what and the authenticity of reason. As he viewed, in Divine sciences reason is a light with essential appearance showing virtues and vices. In this religious semantics of reason, there may be found two ontological and three epistemological differences with the common sense of reason, in particular, that reason is simply reduced to the practical one and the status of theoretical reason has not been considered. Mirza Mahdi Esfahani has viewed the authenticity of reason and science as essential, as for certainty, he believes that it is not the case for any certainty not have an epistemic validity, and only in three kinds of certainty one may meet reality; other cases of reasoning, particularly, that occurred by deductive proofs is not of any epistemic validity in the field. Mirza Mahdi Esfahani has viewed the authenticity of reason and science as essential, as for certainty, he believes that it is not the case for any certainty not have an epistemic validity, and only in three kinds of certainty one may meet reality; other cases of reasoning, particularly, that occurred by deductive proofs is not of any epistemic validity in the field. and the other certainty, especially the certainty obtained by analogical reasoning, is desirable and It's not worth it. What is truly clear in Mirzamedi's views is his similarities to Shiite traditionalism, akhbarigari, the fact that in the paper has been focused on
Theosophia Practica
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-9309
9
v.
زمستان 96 - مسلسل 34
no.
2018
7
32
https://pwq.bou.ac.ir/article_65780_580e3d7cc543cd7366766552b9825067.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/pwq.2018.65780
Theological Principles of Human`s Divine Approximation in Islam and Christianity
Esma`il
Alikhani
Assistant professor at The Iran Research Institute of Philosophy
author
text
article
2018
per
Human`s happiness and perfection as described in the Abrahamic religions lies in one`s approximation to the Almighty God. Among the important issues in this category are the foundations and infrastructures for approaching God. The key question here is: what anthropological and theological principles have been regarded for human approximation to God in Islam and Christianity? As shown in the paper, what considerable as the theological foundations of approximation to God in the religions lie in two groups of special and universal ones. The common ones include the personal God, the Almighty God and the available God, and the God preceding in establishing a relationship with man. While, the special theological foundations of Christianity in approaching God, derived from Christian theology, are based on the writings of Paul and John in the New Testament: unveiling, grace, the Word or the Christ. We studied the issue in order to explain the special and important position of the principles and infrastructures of human approximation to God in a Biblical and theological approach
Theosophia Practica
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-9309
9
v.
زمستان 96 - مسلسل 34
no.
2018
33
58
https://pwq.bou.ac.ir/article_65781_4995115b7c513b3dde7cf220e5ae7dae.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/pwq.2018.65781
Mohammad Ibn Hasan Saffar`s Figure and Theological Opinions
Mohammad
Ghafoorinejad
Assistant professor at University of Religions and Denominations
author
Mohammadreza
Mollanoori Shamsi
AM of Shiite Studies at University of Religions and Denominations
author
text
article
2018
per
Studying the personality and theological views of early scholars of the early Imāmi in various periods can provide a basis for comprising a comprehensive history of Imamiyah and satisfy the need. Mohammad ibn Hassan Saffar has been one of the great figures of Qom school in the third century AH. The result of the historical data is that he, among religious sciences, has been most concerned with jurisprudence. Nevertheless, considering his theological traditions, he may also be regarded as a theologian. Some of his works, including Al-radd al al-Gholat and Basa`ir al-Darajat may be regarded as evidence in the field. This research, with a descriptive-analytical approach, is intended to explain the character and theologian statements of this influential Imami scholar. As his most important theological opinions one may refer to natural state of human knowledge of God, human knowledge of God through Names and Attributes, any Divine likeness to creatures as polytheism, tauqifi state of Names and Attributes, Divine Will as attribute of action and the occurrence of bida` for God. In the field of Prophecy and Imamate, the necessity of recognizing the prophets and obeying them, delegating the affairs of religion to the Prophet Muhammad (S) among Divine prophets, the Prophet's being most aware with regard to others, religiously essentiality of Imāmate, necessity for the existence of Imam, Divine establishment of Imams, Imams` state of being the most of knowledge, vastness of Imams` sources and fields of knowledge, Imams` infallibility and authority in takwin
Theosophia Practica
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-9309
9
v.
زمستان 96 - مسلسل 34
no.
2018
59
86
https://pwq.bou.ac.ir/article_65782_c25b42ccaf01623e4c5233f360122882.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/pwq.2018.65782
Mulla Sadra on Forms` Perfection-Seeking Change and Appearance of Human Rational Soul with Regard to Quranic Verses and Traditions
Mohammadmahdi
Gorjian
Associate professor at Baqir al-olum University
author
Ma`soomeh
Esla`ili
Phd student at Baqir al-Olum University
author
text
article
2018
per
The human being, having two kinds of perfection-seeking changes including those of nature and will, is a dynamic essence moving toward its own end. On the former as viewed by Sadr al-Muta`llihin, human soul`s tendency toward perfection begins from first matter and form and leads to the perfection of forms. In the sense that the physical form moves in its essence and take the elementary form, mineral form, plant from, animal form, human form and malakuti form, one after another. The latter happens through the functions of practical reason and theoretical reason. The process of the forms` changes as viewed by Sadra is in agreement with the verses and traditions and referred to by the holy Quran
Theosophia Practica
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-9309
9
v.
زمستان 96 - مسلسل 34
no.
2018
87
108
https://pwq.bou.ac.ir/article_65783_0e48b25e218e2b55f5b29951506804b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/pwq.2018.65783
A Critical Study of Attributing the Sameness of Human Faith and Knowledge to Mulla Sadra
Abdollah
Mohammadi
Assistant prof. at The Iran Research Institute of Philosophy
author
text
article
2018
per
The issue of the nature of faith and its relation to theoretical knowledge has long been of interest for Muslim philosophers and theologians. Mulla Sadra has treated the truth of faith and its relation with rational knowledge in many cases; on the basis of many writers' perceptions, faith as viewed by Sadra is the same as logical judgment. In this paper, the documentation of this perspective has been examined and challenged, and it has been shown that what meant by faith and knowledge in Sadr al-Muta'llihin`s view may be regarded is inner confirmation and broader meaning of knowledge than the rational. He has brought different grades of faith into consideration. Some of his expressions represent the necessary conditions for the highest degree of faith, not absolute faith. Lack of distinction between the truth of faith and true faith in Mulla Sadra's thinking, as well as the disregard for the contexts of the word and his gradational attitude to the truth of faith, have led to a misconception and incorrect references to this him. This paper is of an analytical method
Theosophia Practica
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-9309
9
v.
زمستان 96 - مسلسل 34
no.
2018
109
136
https://pwq.bou.ac.ir/article_65784_a72cbce8815ad88dd164f7519edd54f3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/pwq.2018.65784
Sheikh Ishraq, Fakhruddin Razi and Mulla Sadra on the Nature of Assent
Seyyedeh Ensiyyeh
Musawi Amiri
Phd student
author
text
article
2018
per
One of the major issues in logic, philosophy and epistemology is that of knowledge and its parts. Since far away, in Islamic philosophy and logic, knowledge has been divided into two forms of concept and assent. But in this regard, the truth of the assent, especially since the time of the Sheikh Ishraq, has been considered seriously. According to him, assent is not knowledge, although it can belong to knowledge; while for philosophers, it is considered as knowledge truly. On the other hand, Fakhruddin Razi, while acknowledging assent as a form of knowledge, considers it to be composed of concepts and judgments, while other philosophers have viewed it to be simple not composed. Of course, here it is important to note that if the conception and assent are types of knowledge, they must be separated from each other by a bond. So, how can one acknowledge that assent is simple knowledge? Therefore, Mulla Sadra, with a very detailed analysis, sees assent as a simple fact at the same time as an analytic compound. In Mulla Sadra's view, assent is a concept just the same as judgment and the judgment in assent as a species, fasl, and the concept itself is its genus. Therefore, a judgment like every species is the same as the mode of its genus. In terms of Mulla Sadra, the philosophers` views on the simplicity of assent and conditionality of concept for it return to his view.
Theosophia Practica
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-9309
9
v.
زمستان 96 - مسلسل 34
no.
2018
137
158
https://pwq.bou.ac.ir/article_65786_7a4b096f6600a45a4ec7604574ac5625.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/pwq.2018.65786
Practical and Theoretical Effects of Wujud-i Rabit in Transcendent Philosophy
Marziyeh
Varmazyar
Phd student
author
Majid
Abolqasemzadeh
Phd of Islamic philosophy
author
text
article
2018
per
Wujud-i rabit is one of the most important findings in the transcendental wisdom on which Sadr al-Mutuallihin created a great change in his philosophical system and transcended his wisdom. Mulla Sadra, based on his philosophical foundations as originality of existence and conventionality of quiddity, gradation of existence and regarding imkan-i faqri as the standard for the caused`s need to its cause, viewed wujud-i rabiti to wujud-i rabit and took it as including all created world. In the light of this theory, which is based on imkan-i faqri, in addition to its new philosophical achievements, philosophical debates of the past philosophers are also reconsidered in a new look. Again, in this way, human beings` passage to perfection and their approximation to God have been explained clearly. On the basis of the theory of wujud-I rabit, one`s separation of the creatures and sense of hope occurs and strengthens. In the shadow of such explanation, human trust to God is produced and one`s anxiety disappears. In the paper, it is intended to explain theoretical and practical outcomes of the theory
Theosophia Practica
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-9309
9
v.
زمستان 96 - مسلسل 34
no.
2018
159
184
https://pwq.bou.ac.ir/article_65787_474e0a791676b0eb8834ab55c4c4bc66.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/pwq.2018.65787