Postgraduate of Islamic philosophy in Bagher al-Olum (A.s) University
Abstract
The relation of the Necessary existence and possible beings or cause-effect relation is dealt with in Sadra’s existential system of philosophy in two ways: through the principle of fundamental reality of being Mulla Sadra attempts to justify this relation in a existential system and specific gradation of being and hold cause and effect not as two independent and separate beings related together in terms of traditional Aristotelian categories but with a relation of illumination in such a way that effect is the very relation to the cause not as something related to it. Later in his treatment however he comes to the conclusion that the only real being is the Essence of God and the rest what seem to be existent are but manifestations and states of that Unique real existence for some reasons. To begin with effect has no independent identity from cause. Secondly cause is infinite being devoid of imperfection and thirdly simple reality proper, comprehend and encompass everything. Mulla Sadra treat these grounds i.e. existential poverty of everything other than God, specific gradation as a bridge to the proof of individual unity of being, borrowing mystical terminology to envisage properly the self-manifestation and self –revelation of the only real Being.
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