Ph. D. Student of Islamic Philosophy and Theology in Baqir Al-Ulum University
Abstract
Causal necessity has always been one of the important and controversial problems of philosophy among thinkers. Ibn Sina as outstanding Peripatetic philosopher holds the cause-effect relation to be necessary. Although he regards such relationship to be self-evident, he offered some arguments in its support. Theologians, experts in methodology of fiqh as well as some contemporary scholars are against this view. Arguing that arguments presented by Ibn Sina and other proponents of the rule as question- begging, they maintain that acceptance of this rule is incompatibility with freedom in God and human and thus rule they reject the truth of the rule. It seems that the rule is self-evident and denial of it is to deny the very principle of causality and acceptance of the theory of chance. On reflection, one can realize that there is no incompatibility between freedom and causality and any denial of such relation entails theory of chance according to which one can certainly deny the attribution of an action to the agent.
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