1
Ph. D. student and faculty of Payam Noor University
2
assistant professor of Payam Noor University
Abstract
Using analytic-descriptive method the present paper is to examine the subject wretchedness in Ibn Sina’s thought. In explaining the meaning of wretchedness, he regards it as sort of pain as opposed to felicity and believes that if pain and suffering are eternal, they constitute wretchedness. Avicenna divides into four types of sensual, imaginal, fanciful and rational. He characterizes wretchedness as eternal rational suffering. Explaining different elements that result in wretchedness such as injustice (violation of the mean ) and love for this worldly gains he offers two way to overcome the problem: different ways to achieve felicity which the opposite of wretchedness and also the various ways that do not lead to either felicity or wretchedness. In responding the question whether or not absolute wretchedness is attainable in this world he answers negatively and says it is only obtainable in the world to come i.e. hereafter.
Monsef, E., Zamiri, M. R., Bathahyi, S. H., & Ajdar, A. (2016). Analytical Study of True wretchedness from Avicenna’s Perspective. Theosophia Practica, 8(Issue 27), 173-200.
MLA
Esmaeel Monsef; Muhammad Reza Zamiri; Seyyed Hassan Bathahyi; Alireza Ajdar. "Analytical Study of True wretchedness from Avicenna’s Perspective". Theosophia Practica, 8, Issue 27, 2016, 173-200.
HARVARD
Monsef, E., Zamiri, M. R., Bathahyi, S. H., Ajdar, A. (2016). 'Analytical Study of True wretchedness from Avicenna’s Perspective', Theosophia Practica, 8(Issue 27), pp. 173-200.
VANCOUVER
Monsef, E., Zamiri, M. R., Bathahyi, S. H., Ajdar, A. Analytical Study of True wretchedness from Avicenna’s Perspective. Theosophia Practica, 2016; 8(Issue 27): 173-200.
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