نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشجوی دکتری، گروه کلام اسلامی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
During the era of occultation (ghaybah), the theory of Wilayat Faqih (Guardianship of the Jurist) is considered one of the most significant governmental foundations in Shi’a thought. In addition to its jurisprudential roots, this theory possesses robust theological (kalami) foundations, rendering it a unique model within the Islamic political system. Accordingly, the present study seeks to provide a more precise theoretical framework for this concept by addressing the fundamental question: “How can the theological foundations of Wilayat Faqih in the era of occultation be explained?” The research methodology is qualitative, with data collected through document analysis, focusing on the doctrinal systems of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli. The findings indicate that Wilayat Faqih is grounded in firm theological principles such as anthropology (ensan-shenasi), ontology (hasti-shenasi), and teleology (ghayatmandi). These principles play a decisive role in explicating Wilayat Faqih in the thought of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Javadi Amoli. Imam Khomeini, in his analysis of Shi’a anthropology, emphasizes the dual material and spiritual dimensions of human beings, considering the guidance of society toward perfection (kamal) a religious necessity. Consequently, Wilayat Faqih is not merely an executive matter but a divine obligation (taklif ilahi) ensuring the continuity of societal guidance along the divine path. Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, relying on Shi’a ontology, regards divine sovereignty (hakimiyyat ilahi) as the fundamental principle of the Islamic political system and underscores the role of Wilayat Faqih in its realization. An examination of these two thinkers’ perspectives demonstrates that the theory of Wilayat Faqih is supported not only by jurisprudential arguments but also by a solid theological foundation. Elucidating the theological underpinnings of this theory not only reinforces Shi’a political thought but also facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of its necessity and position in the era of occultation. Furthermore, analyzing the connection between religion (din) and politics (siyasat) in the Islamic system reveals the profound influence of doctrinal foundations on the structure of Wilayat Faqih.
کلیدواژهها [English]
)